SICOMP PC32-F
SICOMP PC32-F
可編程序控制器(PLC, Programmable Logic Controller)是采用微電腦技術(shù)制造的自動(dòng)控制設(shè)備。他以順序控制為主,回路調(diào)節(jié)為輔,能完成邏輯判斷、定時(shí)、記憶和算術(shù)運(yùn)算等功能。 隨著PLC技術(shù)的發(fā)展,其功能越來(lái)越多,集成度越來(lái)越高,網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能越來(lái)越強(qiáng),PLC與上位PC機(jī)聯(lián)網(wǎng)形成的PLC及其網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)廣泛地應(yīng)用到工業(yè)自動(dòng)化控制之中,PLC集三電與一體,具有良好的控制精度和高可靠性,使得PLC成為現(xiàn)代工業(yè)自動(dòng)化的支柱。PLC的生產(chǎn)廠家和型號(hào)、種類繁多,不同型號(hào)自成體系有不同的程序語(yǔ)言和使用方法,本文擬就用日本立石公司生產(chǎn)的OMRON C20p型PLC,設(shè)計(jì)幾個(gè)PLC在三相異步電機(jī)控制中的應(yīng)用,與傳統(tǒng)的繼電器控制相比,具有控制速度快、可靠性高、靈活性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),可作為高校學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)PLC的控制技術(shù)的參考,也可作為工業(yè)電機(jī)的自動(dòng)控制電路。 PLC在電機(jī)控制中的應(yīng)用[1~3] 2.1三相異步電機(jī)的正反轉(zhuǎn)控制 要求當(dāng)按下正轉(zhuǎn)按鈕,電機(jī)連續(xù)正轉(zhuǎn),此時(shí)反轉(zhuǎn)按鈕不起作用(互鎖),按下停止按鈕電機(jī)斷開(kāi)電源,按下反轉(zhuǎn)按鈕電機(jī)連續(xù)反轉(zhuǎn),正轉(zhuǎn)不起作用。圖1所示為三相異步電機(jī)的正反轉(zhuǎn)控制原理圖。 2.2三相異步電機(jī)的Y—△啟動(dòng) 要求起動(dòng)時(shí)電機(jī)接成Y型,經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為△形運(yùn)行,要求Y形斷開(kāi)后△形才能啟動(dòng),防止Y形未斷△形啟動(dòng)造成電源短路。圖2所示是三相異步電機(jī)Y—△啟動(dòng)控制原理圖。 2.3三相異步電機(jī)時(shí)間控制 要求第1臺(tái)電動(dòng)機(jī)M1啟動(dòng)5 s后,第2臺(tái)電動(dòng)機(jī)M2自動(dòng)啟動(dòng),只有當(dāng)?shù)?臺(tái)M2停止后,經(jīng)過(guò)5 s延時(shí),M1自動(dòng)停止。圖3所示是三相異步電機(jī)時(shí)間控制原理圖。
程序的寫入與運(yùn)行 將PLC聯(lián)上編程器并接通電源后,PLC電源指示燈亮,將編程器開(kāi)關(guān)打到“PROGRAM”位置,這時(shí)PLC處于編程狀態(tài)。編程器顯示PASSWORD!這時(shí)依次按Clr鍵和Montr鍵,直至屏幕顯示地址號(hào)0000,這時(shí)即可輸入程序。 在輸入程序前,需清除存儲(chǔ)器中內(nèi)容,依次按Clr、Play/Set, Not,Rec/Reset和Montr鍵,即將全部程序清除。按照以上3種控制的梯形圖或程序指令將3種控制程序?qū)懭隤LC,當(dāng)上述3部分程序輸入到PLC機(jī)中后,用上下方向鍵讀出所寫程序,如程序有錯(cuò),可用插入指令和刪除指令修改程序。 程序輸入正確后,分別按圖1(a)和(c)連接PLC外部接線及主回路線路實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)正反轉(zhuǎn)控制,按圖2(a)和(c)連接線路實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)Y—△啟動(dòng),按圖3(a)和(c)連接線路實(shí)現(xiàn)電機(jī)的時(shí)間控制。此設(shè)計(jì)可以一次性把3種控制電路的程序全部輸入,同時(shí)控制3種電路,運(yùn)行時(shí),按下SBF,SBR電機(jī)正反轉(zhuǎn)啟動(dòng),按下SB1,SB2控制電機(jī)Y—△啟動(dòng),按下SB3,SB4電機(jī)順序啟動(dòng),互不干擾,事半功倍,實(shí)現(xiàn)了一臺(tái)PLC同時(shí)控制多種電路形式。
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