JEPMC-PC040
工業(yè)控制機(jī)和可編程技術(shù)'>控制器本身都具有很高的可靠性,但如果輸入給PLC的開關(guān)量信號出現(xiàn)錯誤,模擬量信號出現(xiàn)較大偏差,PLC輸出口控制的執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)沒有按要求動作,這些都可能使控制過程出錯,造成無法挽回的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。影響現(xiàn)場輸入給PLC信號出錯的主要原因有:1、造成傳輸信號線短路或斷路(由于機(jī)械拉扯,線路自身老化,連接處松脫等),當(dāng)傳輸信號線出故障時,現(xiàn)場信號無法傳送給PLC,造成控制出錯。2、機(jī)械觸點抖動,現(xiàn)場觸點雖然只閉合一次,PLC卻認(rèn)為閉合了多次,雖然硬件加了濾波電路,軟件增加微分指令,但由于PLC掃描周期太短,仍可能在計數(shù)、累加、移位等指令中出錯,出現(xiàn)錯誤控制結(jié)果。3、現(xiàn)場變送器,機(jī)械開關(guān)自身出故障,如觸點接觸不良,變送器反映現(xiàn)場非電量偏差較大或不能正常工作等,這些故障同樣會使控制系統(tǒng)不能正常工作。影響執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)出錯的主要原因有:
1、控制負(fù)載的接觸不能可靠動作,雖然PLC發(fā)出了動作指令,但執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)并沒按要求動作。
2、控制變頻器起動,由于變頻器自身故障,變頻器所帶電機(jī)并沒按要求工作。
3、各種電動閥、電磁閥該開的沒能打開,該關(guān)的沒能關(guān)到位,由于執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)沒能按PLC的控制要求動作,使系統(tǒng)無法正常工作,降低了系統(tǒng)可靠性。要提高整個控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性,必須提高輸入信號的可靠性和執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)動作的準(zhǔn)確性,否則PLC應(yīng)能及時發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,用聲光等報警辦法提示給操作人員,盡快排除故障,讓系統(tǒng)安全、可靠、正確地工作。
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