Kulicke&Soffa 01471-4000-000-34前言：木材對(duì)于人類生活起著很大的支持作用，廣泛用于建筑、裝飾、家居等場合。具有綠色環(huán)保，可再生，可降解，施工簡易，抗震性能優(yōu)良等特點(diǎn)。除直接使用原木外，木材都加工成方材或板材制品使用。在木材加工過程中，為了提高工作效率，需要對(duì)裁切好的木板進(jìn)行傳送到下一道工序。本文以海為PLC為例，介紹了一種高效率的木工機(jī)械——木板自動(dòng)送設(shè)備的工作原理。
關(guān)鍵字：Haiwell(海為) PLC S24S0T 木板自動(dòng)送料
一、Kulicke&Soffa 01471-4000-000-34控制要求
1.jpg
1.1 要求實(shí)現(xiàn)快速搬運(yùn)，速度應(yīng)達(dá)到1秒搬運(yùn)2塊木板，跟上后段設(shè)備的加工速度，減少生產(chǎn)空閑時(shí)間，提高生產(chǎn)效率。
1.2 分為手動(dòng)和自動(dòng)兩種控制模式，要求可以手動(dòng)控制升降機(jī)構(gòu)，手動(dòng)上升、手動(dòng)下降、自動(dòng)上升、自動(dòng)下降的速度隨時(shí)可調(diào)。
1.3 Kulicke&Soffa 01471-4000-000-34動(dòng)作流程如下：按下啟動(dòng)按鈕后，檢測有無板，無板則自動(dòng)加板，有板則自動(dòng)上升，當(dāng)傳送區(qū)域吸到板則停止上升，一段時(shí)間后開始下降，下降瞬間，傳送帶開始傳送。
1.4 當(dāng)傳送完畢后，即檢測開關(guān)沒檢測到信號(hào)，升降機(jī)構(gòu)又開始上升，如此循環(huán)往復(fù)，形成一個(gè)高速度、高效率的木板搬運(yùn)系統(tǒng)。
1.5 應(yīng)充分考慮系統(tǒng)的安全性能，防止發(fā)生誤動(dòng)作造成不必要的損失和傷害。
二、系統(tǒng)主要硬件配置
2.1 控制器的選擇
控制器選擇海為的S24S0T，主機(jī)外部24V DC供電，16路DI，8路DO晶體管輸出；自帶兩個(gè)通訊口(RS232+RS485)，可擴(kuò)展至5個(gè)通訊口；一路20K高速脈沖輸入，一路10K高速脈沖輸出；最大可擴(kuò)展7個(gè)模塊。
2.2 三相異步電機(jī)及變頻器的選擇
三Kulicke&Soffa 01471-4000-000-34相異步電機(jī)的選擇一般要遵循以下三個(gè)原則：(1)電動(dòng)機(jī)應(yīng)能勝任生產(chǎn)機(jī)械的負(fù)載和所需的起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)距；(2)電動(dòng)機(jī)在工作時(shí)，其發(fā)熱應(yīng)接近，但不得超過其許可的工作溫度；(3)電動(dòng)機(jī)應(yīng)有一定的過載能力，以保證在短時(shí)間過載情況下能正常工作。我們這邊根據(jù)現(xiàn)場需求，經(jīng)過計(jì)算最后選擇了額定功率為1.5KW,額定電壓為380V的三相異步電機(jī)；變頻器根據(jù)客戶需求選擇歐瑞E1000系列的變頻器，具體型號(hào)為E1000-0015T3F1KBPR，此款型號(hào)支持Modbus通訊功能，通過海為主機(jī)S24S0T的RS485接口即可同時(shí)與變頻器進(jìn)行通訊，控制三相異步電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速度。
2.3 輸入輸出端口的定義
X0：自動(dòng)
X1：急停
X2：檢測開關(guān)2
X3：手動(dòng)上升
X4：手動(dòng)下降
X5：檢測開關(guān)1
X6：上限開關(guān)
X7：下限開關(guān)
X8：啟動(dòng)
X9：停止
X10:是否送料
Y0：升降電機(jī)多段速端子1
Y1：升降電機(jī)多段速端子2
Y2：升降電機(jī)多段速端子3
Y3：升降電機(jī)多段速端子4
Y4：傳送帶電機(jī)
Y5：送板電機(jī)
Y6：滾軸電機(jī)
三、部分程序
上圖所示為控制系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)控制的部分程序，其動(dòng)作流程如下：在送板機(jī)構(gòu)將板運(yùn)送到指定位置后（X10有信號(hào)），按下啟動(dòng)按鈕，托盤一直上升，直到托盤上方的傳送帶上的吸氣裝置吸取到木板（X2、X5有信號(hào)）后才停止上升，托盤從上升轉(zhuǎn)為下降，在下降時(shí)觸發(fā)傳送帶運(yùn)行，T0時(shí)間后托盤停止下降，此時(shí)木板也送到指定區(qū)域（X2、X5無信號(hào)），托盤又開始上升，如此循環(huán)往復(fù)。
四、Kulicke&Soffa 01471-4000-000-34系統(tǒng)優(yōu)點(diǎn)
4.1 機(jī)械設(shè)備代替人工，效率高，精度準(zhǔn)，可24小時(shí)不間斷工作
采用木板自動(dòng)送料設(shè)備，不僅維修方便、運(yùn)行可靠，而且有助于提高工廠的自動(dòng)化程度，節(jié)省人力。它不會(huì)疲勞、沒有情緒，可以長時(shí)間快速搬運(yùn)木板（經(jīng)測試，1秒可搬運(yùn)3塊木板），大大提高了勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)效率，降低了生產(chǎn)成本。
4.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊功能豐富，指令系統(tǒng)及其便利
為了滿足不同用戶的需求，海為PLC提供了豐富的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊功能，主機(jī)自帶RS232和RS485通訊端口，可拓展至5個(gè)端口，并且每個(gè)端口都可進(jìn)行編程和聯(lián)網(wǎng)，方便為將來的系統(tǒng)升級(jí)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)互連提供便利條件。另外，使用海為的編程軟件與變頻器通訊，程序編寫十分方便，只要一條指令即可設(shè)置變頻器的速度，不用像其他的PLC一樣需要寫多條指令，考慮通訊的先后順序。
4.3 調(diào)試極為便利
編程軟件內(nèi)置仿真器，可全面實(shí)現(xiàn)PLC的仿真運(yùn)行。提供多達(dá)10頁的元件監(jiān)控表，可以選擇十進(jìn)制、十六進(jìn)制、二進(jìn)制、浮點(diǎn)數(shù)、字符方式顯示數(shù)據(jù)，位元件和寄存器元件還可同時(shí)混合監(jiān)控和顯示，極為便利。
4.4 Kulicke&Soffa 01471-4000-000-34仿真能力強(qiáng)，可全仿真
海為PLC的編程軟件內(nèi)置仿真器，其中通訊仿真器在沒有硬件的情況下，我們也可以通過通訊仿真器手動(dòng)模擬從機(jī)返回給PLC的應(yīng)答信息，測試通訊程序是否書寫正確和數(shù)據(jù)解析是否正確，大大縮短了現(xiàn)場調(diào)試時(shí)間。勾選“使用實(shí)際串口”還可以直接用編程軟件通過電腦串口和儀表直接通訊，前期調(diào)試非常方便。
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HUBBELL 420R9W 20A RECEPTACLE W/ BACKBOX
SQUARE D XO240 40A 2 POLES CIRCUIT BREAKER
GENERAL ELECTRIC QMR SWITCH THMS31 MOD 2 3 POLES
LOT OF 2 GENERAL ELECTRIC CR104PXG42
Square D G2BB G2BBS2 Service Cover Under Office Desk For Two Duplex Receptacles
GE Test Plug 6129533G1 Type PK-2 *New In Box*
LOT OF 2 GENERAL ELECTRIC GE CIRCUIT BREAKER CAT#THQL32020 20A/240V3POLE
General Electric TQD 32125 125AMP 3 Pole Circuit Breaker
GENERAL ELECTRIC THN3361 GE SAFETY SWITCH 30A
Acme Electric TA-2-81321 .05 KVA Industrial Control Transber
HAMMOND POWER 100VA 50/60Hz TRANSFORMER
LOT OF 90 ILSCO ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS 45112-B10
LOT OF 65 ILSCO ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS 44243-B5 & 44241-B5
WESTINGHOUSE BF20F
KLOCKNER MOELLER DIL R 40 W/ 22 DIL
FUJI ELECTRIC 1NC2H0#22SE
