igbt（isolated gate bipolartransistor），即絕緣柵型雙極性晶體管具有優(yōu)越的低飽和壓降，較高的電壓和較大的電流輸出等特點，在功率電子相關產(chǎn)業(yè)得到更為廣泛的應用和關注。FOXBORO N0309LR為了使igbt在大功率系統(tǒng)發(fā)揮更穩(wěn)定和安全的性能，需要為其設計專門的驅動器。國外hp、infineon、ir及fuji等都有專用的hvic驅動器。其主要應用于小功率系統(tǒng)，在較大功率應用中，驅動器常用三菱m57系列與富士exb系列的厚?；旌向寗悠鳎?］。但此類驅動器較多不自帶隔離電源，需外部增加隔離電源為其供電，增加了驅動電路復雜性，造成用戶應用不便。本文詳細介紹了一種自帶隔離電源的igbt集成混合型驅動器qp12w05s-37的原理與性能，并給出了應用要點。
2 功能概述
qp12w05s-37是一種自帶隔離電源的混分集成igbt驅動器，F(xiàn)OXBORO N0309LR具有體積小、隔離電壓高、信號延遲小和驅動功率大等特點。最大應用頻率可達20khz。主要由3個功能塊組成，如圖1所示。第一功能塊是隔離dc/dc變換器，輸出正負雙電源為驅動電路提供電源，其又可分為電源輸入，電源隔離和電源輸出三部分；第二功能模塊是控制信號的隔離驅動放大，輸入驅動控制信號經(jīng)具有高隔離電壓的光耦隔離后傳輸?shù)津寗臃糯蠹?，其電氣隔離電壓可達3750vac，控制信號經(jīng)放大級后輸出驅動igbt。第三功能塊是保護電路，通過檢測igbt欠飽和導通壓降實現(xiàn)過流與短路保護，并輸出故障信號。同時具有軟關斷和延時自恢復功能［2FOXBORO N0309LR］。
3 工作原理與性能測試
?。?）內置隔離電源
qp12w05s-37驅動器自帶隔離型dc/dc變換器作為驅動電源，采用推挽式變換電路進行電能變換，開關頻率約為500khz，輸出雙路電源電壓作為驅動器輸出部分的供電電源。一路輸出電壓為16v；另一路電壓為-8.9v。每路最大輸出電流為30ma。由于igbt開通與關斷時柵極驅動電流較大，為了保證開通與關斷時的驅動器能提供足夠大的驅動電流，在隔離電源輸出端需加一個內阻較小的電容來保證驅動輸出足夠大的電流要求?？紤]到方便用戶連接以及減小emi，電源初級側的地與信號輸入負端在驅動器內并未短接，應用時如有需要，可將其兩個端子在驅動器外部進行連接。內置了隔離驅動電源的驅動器應用于橋式逆變電路中時，只需單路電源給多只igbt驅動器供電即可，并且該驅動電源可以與控制電路電源共用，極大方便了用戶的驅動電路設計。
?。?）信號隔離與放大
qp12w05s-37驅動器是采用光耦實現(xiàn)驅動信號的隔離與傳輸，F(xiàn)OXBORO N0309LR光耦輸入側信號須滿足光耦的發(fā)光二極管導通電流要求，推薦輸入電流為10ma~16ma，在不同的控制信號下需選擇合適的輸入電阻，其計算方法如下式所示：ri為輸入外接限流電阻； vi為控制輸入信號幅值；vli為光耦的導通壓降（此驅動器光耦導通壓降為1.7v）；ii為輸入電流（此驅動器可選擇為10ma～16ma）；150為內接限流電阻值。經(jīng)過光耦隔離后，驅動信號在次級進行了放大，其柵極驅動輸出峰值電流可達到5a。其波形如圖2所示。
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