它們的生長狀況能直接或者間接反映出某個水域或水體的相應(yīng)物理、化學(xué)及其它環(huán)境指標(biāo)，有利于人們對水質(zhì)變化的調(diào)控。研究結(jié)果表明，一些水生植物對水體內(nèi)的污染物具有相應(yīng)的去除效果。如：鳳眼蓮可去除氮、磷、鉛、鋅等元素，苦草可去除砷、銅、鉛、鋅等元素，大藻可去除鉻、鉛、鋅等元素。 1.2水生植物的景觀功能 水生植物不僅可以觀葉、賞花，還可以欣賞其在水中的倒影。通過各種水生植物之間的相互配置，可以豐富景觀效果，創(chuàng)造園林意
境。在以往的園林水景中，應(yīng)用較多的有荷花、睡蓮、黃菖蒲、菖蒲、香蒲、蘆葦?shù)确N類，并不乏有以水生植物為主題的專類水景園。如杭州西湖的”曲院風(fēng)荷”就因其獨(dú)特的荷花景觀而聞名。水生植物已日漸成為江河、湖泊、公園、池塘等水體造景的優(yōu)良材料 2水生植物在景觀設(shè)計中的應(yīng)用 2.1水生植物材料的選擇 植物材料除了要有較高的觀賞價值外，最好還應(yīng)具備一定的去污能力，并模擬自然生態(tài)環(huán)境，達(dá)到水體自凈的效果。其中已知比較優(yōu)良的種類有蘆葦、睡蓮、菖蒲、香蒲、水葫蘆等；同時還可以充分挖掘引種當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧参?，豐富景觀水體植物配置的內(nèi)容，為水體綠化、美化提供更多的基礎(chǔ)材料。深圳沃水從事水生植物培育種植與水生態(tài)環(huán)境修復(fù)建設(shè)的綜合服務(wù)商，是國家級首批高新技術(shù)企業(yè)，公司是國內(nèi)最早研究水植物種植培育的企業(yè)之一，主營業(yè)務(wù)為：水生植物銷售，水生植物批發(fā)，水生植物基地，水生植物苗場。
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The aquatic plant in Heyuan can adopt the artificial wetland plant pond bed system. The large aquatic plant community in the artificial wetland pond system is the skeleton of the artificial wetland ecosystem, plays the role of supporting the system, and also plays the role of purifying, beautifying and greening the environment. The living water park in Chengdu is a successful case.
6 existing problems and suggestions
6.1, the ecological functions of aquatic plants can not be fully developed.
Many plant planting designs have considered the requirements of Garden Aesthetics too much, ignoring the establishment of the ecosystem, and some floating plants and submerged plants with good sewage purification effect are less used. The water ecosystem established by using only emergent plants and floating leaves plants is not a benign cycle. On the basis of full consideration of landscape, we must establish stable ecosystem balance and species diversity as the ultimate goal.
6.2, regardless of site conditions and actual conditions in the selection of aquatic plants, use them freely.
In the selection of artificial wetland plants, we should adopt a cautious attitude, adapt to local conditions, choose the aquatic plants which have high ornamental value and purify the water quality in the local area, and create a waterscape with good landscape value and ecological significance as far as possible.
Their growth conditions can directly or indirectly reflect the corresponding physical, chemical and other environmental indicators of a certain water or water body, which is beneficial to the regulation of water quality change. The results showed that some aquatic plants had a corresponding removal effect on the pollutants in the water. For example, Eichhornia crassipes can remove elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, lead, zinc, etc., which can remove arsenic, copper, lead, zinc and other elements. Algae can remove elements such as chromium, lead and zinc. 1.2 the landscape function of aquatic plants. Aquatic plants can not only view foliage, admire flowers, but also enjoy their reflection in water. Through the mutual arrangement of various aquatic plants, the landscape effect can be enriched and the artistic conception of the garden can be created. In the past garden waterscape, there are many kinds of lotus, water lily, Huang Changpu, calamus, cattail, reed and so on, and there are no lack of aquatic plants with the theme of aquatic plants. Such as West Lake, Hangzhou, the "courtyard house" is famous for its unique lotus landscape. Aquatic plants have gradually become excellent materials for water landscaping of rivers, lakes, parks and ponds. 2 aquatic plants are used in landscape design. 2.1 selection of plant materials for aquatic plants should have better decontamination ability and simulate natural ecological environment to reach water. The effect of self purification. Some of the better species are reed, water lily, calamus, cattail, water hyacinth and so on. At the same time, we can fully excavate the local wild aquatic plants, enrich the content of plant configuration in the landscape water body, and provide more basic materials for the greening and beautifying the water body.
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