APM-16射頻功率計|美國BIRDAPM-16
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APM-16|APM16功率計|美國BIRDAPM16
APM-16型通過式功率計
APM-16射頻功率表|射頻功率計
Average-Reading Portable Wattmeter
Designed especially for RF power measurement in PCS, cellular, ESMR, paging and similar communication systems
Equally effective for measuring RF power in conventional analog systems
Uses APM-series plug-in elements to cover a wide range of frequency and power levels. Simple Thruline® style operation for instant forward or reflected power readings
Interchangeable QC connectors for fast hook-up
The Model APM-16 RF wattmeter is designed to keep pace with the ever growing complexity of digitally-based communication systems. Bird's Model 43 and most other wattcmeters available today were designed to measure power of constant amplitude, sinusoidal wavebs. Modern wireless communication systems can use a variety of digital techniques to combine many voice data channels into a complex, composite RF signal. Measurement of such signals with a conventional wattmeter may yield unacceptable errors. The APM-16 employs active circuitry to deliver accuracy of ± 5% for multiple-access technologies such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA and other digitally-encoded communication systems.
Accuracy: | 10° to 35° C ±4% reading, ±1% full scale, –20° to 50° C ±6% reading, ±2% full scale |
Battery: | Internal 9 volt |
Connector: | QC type (Female N normally supplied) |
Frequency Range: | 2 MHz to 2.3 GHz |
Humidity: | 95% ±5% max. (noncondensing) |
Insertion VSWR: | (with N connector) 1.05 max. to 1000 MHz |
Meter: | Shock mounted, linear scale with expanded scales of 25, 50 and 100 for full scale 1 to 1000 W readings. Mirrored scale includes 5% overrange. |
Nominal Size: | 6 7/8" H x 5 1/8" W x 3 5/8" D, (175 mm x 130 mm x 92 mm) |
Peak/Average Ratio: | In excess of 10 dB |
Power Range: | 1 W to 1000 W |
Setting Time: | < 1 second |
Temperature Range: | –20° to 50° C operating; –25° to 65° C storage |
Weight: | 3 lbs. (1.4 kg) |
APM-16射頻功率表|射頻功率計探頭選型表
APM-16 Elements - 7/8" Line Section | |||||||||||
|
Frequency Bands (MHz) | ||||||||||
Power Range |
2-30 |
25-60 |
50-125 |
100-250 |
200-500 |
400-1000 |
950-1260 |
1100-1800 |
1700-1990 |
1990-2200 |
2000-2300 |
1 W |
- |
- |
APM-1B |
APM-1C |
- |
APM-1E |
APM-1J |
- |
APM-1L1 |
APM-1L2 |
APM-1M |
2.5 W |
- |
- |
APM-2.5B |
- |
APM--2.5D |
APM-2.5E |
APM-2.5J |
APM-2.5K |
APM-2.5L1 |
APM-2.5L2 |
- |
5 W |
APM-5H |
APM-5A |
APM-5B |
APM-5C |
APM-5D |
APM-5E |
APM-5J |
APM-5K |
APM-5L1 |
APM-5L2 |
- |
10 W |
APM-10H |
APM-10A |
APM-10B |
APM-10C |
APM-10D |
APM-10E |
APM-10J |
APM-10K |
APM-10L1 |
APM-10L2 |
- |
25 W |
- |
- |
APM-25B |
APM-25C |
APM-25D |
APM-25E |
- |
APM-25K |
APM-25L1 |
APM-25L2 |
- |
50 W |
- |
- |
- |
APM-50C |
APM-50D |
APM-50E |
APM-50J |
APM-50K |
APM-50L1 |
APM-50L2 |
- |
100 W |
APM-100H |
APM-100A |
APM-100B |
APM-100C |
APM-100D |
APM-100E |
APM-100J |
- |
APM-100L1 |
- |
- |
250 W |
APM-250H |
APM-250A |
APM-250B |
APM-250C |
APM-250D |
APM-250E |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
500 W |
APM-500H |
_ |
APM-500B |
APM-500C |
APM-500D |
APM-500E |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1000 W |
APM-1000H |
_ |
APM-1000B |
APM-1000C |
_ |
APM-1000E |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
APM-16射頻功率表|射頻功率計|產(chǎn)品說明書下載
如何使用駐波比表
BV3FG 若以功率的觀點來看 駐波比可以表示為:
SWR = (√Po + √Pr)/(√Po - √Pr)
Po:進入天線系統(tǒng)的功率 Pr:從天線系統(tǒng)反射回來的功率
經(jīng)過運算 SWR 與 Pr/Po (反射功率百分比)的關系如下:
Pr/Po = [(SWR-1)/(SWR+1)]^2
駐波比表基本上就是功率表。它可以量測輸入功率及反射功率。但根據(jù)上式,不管輸入功率為何,反射功率一定和輸入功率成一定的比例。也就是說,對同一駐波比,不管輸入功率為何,只要是在量輸入功率時利用可變電阻調(diào)整驅動表頭的電流使指針達到滿刻度。那麼你量測反射功率時,指針一定是指在同一個位置。把這些相關位置標出來,我們的功率表上就多了一排刻度,叫做"駐波比",而您的功率表馬上搖身一變成為"駐波比表"了。
說穿了,駐波比表就是功率表。在量測功率時它預設了幾組功率(如5W,20W,200W)使輸入功率恰好是這個位準時(5W, 20W, 200W),指針會達到滿刻度。當你撥在CAL位置時就是量輸入功率,只不過你可以調(diào)整指針位置。當你撥在SWR位置時就是量反射功率,只不過您這時候看的是SWR的刻度。
以DIAMOND系列的駐波比表而言,它有一個 Calibration 旋鈕及三個選擇開關:Power Range,F(xiàn)unc,F(xiàn)WD/REF SWITCH。用法如下。
量輸入功率:
1.將 POWER RANGE 撥到200W,F(xiàn)UNC 撥到PWR,F(xiàn)WD/REF 撥到FWD;
2.按下無線電機的發(fā)射鍵;
3.適度選擇 POWER RANGE 以精確讀出功率。
量反射功率:
1.將 POWER RANGE 撥到200W, FUNC 撥到PWR, FWD/REF 撥到REF;
2.按下無線電機的發(fā)射鍵;
3.適度選擇 POWER RANGE 以精確讀出功率。
量駐波比:
1.將 FUNC 撥到CAL 位置,CALIBRATION 旋鈕反時針方向旋轉到底;
2.按下無線電機的發(fā)射鍵,調(diào)整 CALIBRATION旋鈕使指針達到滿刻度;
3.將 FUNC 撥到 SWR 位置,由表頭的 SWR 刻度讀出駐波比的讀值。
使用駐波比表量測天線的駐波比時要盡量將駐波比表靠近天線端,因為傳輸線的傳輸損耗會使得所量出來的駐波比數(shù)值較小,變成 "快樂駐波比"。例如,原本天線的駐波比為 1.92 (反射功率百分比為10%),現(xiàn)在加上一段 cable 衰減量為 3dB,假設無線電機的發(fā)射功率為10W,則經(jīng)由 CABLE 傳到天線的輸入端時只剩下5W,然後反射10% 即 0.5W,0.5W 經(jīng)由傳輸線送回來只剩下0.25W,所以駐波比量到的是輸入 10W,反射 0.25W,反射功率百分比為 2.5%,即 SWR=1.03 量起來真是快樂的不得了。
此外,目前大部份的駐波比表都是利用感應的方式將信號感應到駐波比表內(nèi)的量測電路,所以在量測時可以一邊發(fā)射一邊切換駐波比表上的開關,這并不會損壞無線電機。如果小心一點,不要讓指針瞬間打到底。駐波比表要壞掉也蠻難的。
最後提醒一點,天線的好壞不能單看駐波比。現(xiàn)在大家如此迷信駐波比的原因很簡單,因為駐波比表到處都買得到。我的意思是說,不要因為天線駐波比很低就覺得一切OK而沾沾自喜,多研究天線的其它特性才是真正的樂趣.
美國鳥牌(Bird)射頻功率計(RF功率表)選型一覽
功率計型號 |
43 | 4304A | 4391A | 4410 | APM16 | 4305 | 4431 | 4314B | 4308 | 5000/5010 | |
頻率段(MHz) | 功率段 | ||||||||||
2-30 | 50W-10KW | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |
25-60 | 50W-1KW | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
50-125 | 25W-1KW | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
100-250 | 25W-1KW | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
200-500 | 25W-500W | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |
400-960 | 10W-500W | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
950-1260 | 5W-250W | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
1100-1800 | 1W-50W | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
1700-1990 | 1W-50W | √ | √ | ||||||||
1990-2200 | 1W-50W | √ | √ | √ | |||||||
2200-2300 | 1W-25W | √ | √ | ||||||||
2400-2500 | 1W-25W | √ | √ | ||||||||
2600-2700 | 1W-25W | √ | √ | ||||||||
3400-3500 | 1W-10W | √ | √ | ||||||||
3500-3600 | 1W-10W | √ | √ |